HHV-8 Transmission: How the Virus Spreads and What to Watch For

Human herpesvirus‑8 (HHV‑8) is the virus behind Kaposi’s sarcoma, a skin tumor that shows up more often in people with weakened immune systems. Most people have never heard of it, but knowing how it moves from person to person can help you stay safe.

Common Ways HHV-8 Gets Passed On

HHV‑8 spreads mainly through close, long‑term contact. Saliva is the biggest culprit – sharing drinks, kissing, or using the same oral utensils can pass the virus. In some regions, especially parts of Africa, the virus also spreads through sexual contact, especially with multiple partners.

Blood and organ transplants are less common routes, but they matter for people who receive transfusions or transplants from infected donors. Rarely, a mother can pass HHV‑8 to her baby during birth or breastfeeding, though the risk is low.

Who’s Most at Risk?

People with weakened immune systems—like those living with HIV/AIDS or on immunosuppressive drugs—have a higher chance of developing Kaposi’s sarcoma after catching HHV‑8. Men who have sex with men also show higher infection rates in many studies.

If you live in an area where HHV‑8 is more common, such as certain sub‑Saharan African countries, you’re more likely to encounter the virus in everyday life. But even in low‑prevalence regions, close personal contact can still spread it.

So, what can you do? Simple habits make a big difference. Avoid sharing drinks or mouth‑to‑mouth contact with anyone who might be infected. If you’re sexually active, use protection and limit the number of partners. For people with HIV, staying on antiretroviral therapy reduces the chance that HHV‑8 will cause serious disease.

If you think you might have been exposed, there’s no standard test for HHV‑8 in most clinics. Doctors usually look for signs of Kaposi’s sarcoma or test for the virus in research settings. Talk to your healthcare provider if you notice unusual skin lesions, especially if you have a compromised immune system.

In short, HHV‑8 isn’t as contagious as the flu, but it thrives on close, repeated contact. By being mindful of saliva exchange, practicing safe sex, and staying on top of your immune health, you can keep the virus at bay.

Got more questions about HHV‑8? Browse our other articles on Kaposi’s sarcoma, HIV management, and safe medication practices for deeper insight.